I wanted to go over the basic parts of a sewing machine. This will not be to explain in detail how the machine works, but will give you an idea on parts and how to use them while you are sewing. You have to understand your tools, before you can really use them!
Power switch: used to turn your machine on and off
Presser foot: detachable metal device that holds the fabric down against the feed dog
Presser foot lifter: usually at the back of the machine, this raises and lowers the presser foot
Throat plate: metal plate covering the feed dog, with a hole for the needle to pass through
Feed dog: small metal device with teeth that carries the fabric forward or backward when sewing
Needle: moves down to interlock the upper thread with the bobbin thread and up tightening the stitch
Thread take up: goes down releasing the upper thread allowing the thread to interlock with bobbin thread and then goes down to tighten the stitch
Upper tension regulator: can loosen or tighten the tension of the upper thread, creates a balanced stitch
Thread guide: directs thread from the spool to other parts of needle
Spool pin: the rod that holds the spool of thread
Bobbin winder: mechanism close to balance wheel for winding the bobbin
Balance wheel {or hand wheel}: on the right side of the machine, controlled by the belt and if turned will put the needle up and down
Stitch length regulator: controls the length of the stitches, make this longer for a gathering stitch
Stitch width regulator: controls the width of stitches, usefully on a zigzag stitch
Bobbin case: under the feed down, it is a metal case holding the bobbin that directs and controls the tension of the lower thread
Foot control {pedal}: the gas pedal of the machine, making it stitch
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